Rural water supply operation and maintenance in Ethiopia

This research assessed Ethiopia's policies and regulatory frameworks for rural water scheme operation and maintenance, highlighting the evolution of these policies, key milestones, and implementation challenges. It analysed national strategies and regional directives, revealing disparities and emphasising the need for community involvement, capacity building, and financial management. The findings indicate that while Ethiopia's water governance has shifted towards decentralisation, significant gaps remain in financing, technical capacity, and community ownership. The study recommended revising legal frameworks, improving coordination between authorities, engaging the private sector, and strengthening financial capacity to ensure sustainable and functional water systems.